/* ******* phone ********** */ There is a shift from health sector actions to prevent and treat the infectious diseases of early childhood towards other government sectors including education, transportation and road infrastructure, water and sanitation and law enforcement. They insist governments can and should do more to further reduce the under-5 mortality rate a key measure of a nations care for its most vulnerable citizens, young children, and infants. background-color: #f5f5f5; display: none; -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); The loss of 9.7 million young lives each year is unacceptable, especially when many of these deaths are preventable. ol.ol-decimal li, ol.ol-lower-latin li { } font-size: 1.25em; font-size: 2rem !important; Gastrointestinal infections (diarrhea/vomiting). .unorg-home-hero.col-md-3 { .back-to-toplink { .grey-well { max-width: 60%; .text-blue { .menu-sub { } .onimage_title { } margin-top: 20px; .international-items { box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); text-decoration: underline !important; @media (max-width: 400px) { .grey-well { .node-sidebar-item-body .menu > li > a { Preterm birth and low birth weight. 4. a.social-icon-apple::after { } } .top-bottom-dashed-line { padding: 1em 1em; content: ''; } padding-right: 6px; Moving from business as usual to innovative, multiple, and tailored approaches to increase access, coverage, and quality of child health services will require strategic direction and an optimal mix of community and facility-based care. /* **** icons for links ***** */ } /* font-weight: bold; */ .onimage_title { Substantial global progress has been made in reducing child deaths since 1990. background-color: #f5f5f5; Within classrooms, it is essential that the environment is one in which children can actively participate in the education process and in which resources are adequate to promote enthusiasm for learning. margin: 4rem 0 auto 0; border-top: solid #aaa 1px; right: 60%; }*/ margin-right: 0.3em; margin-top: 20px; However, more than half a million women still die every year as a result of complications that arise during pregnancy and childbirth. In many African countries, AIDS is becoming an increasingly significant contributor to child mortality. According to UNICEF's State of the World Children 2012 report. .observances { bottom: 20px; .observance-item-title a:hover { .carousel-caption.top-text { h3.header-lg { font-family: FontAwesome; } 622. 2 Dead, 4 Minors Severely Injured In Oceanside Crash, San Diego Foundation Announces $3.5M in Scholarships Are Available, Police Fatally Shoot Armed Man After He Killed Woman, 3 Orphaned Bear Cubs Being Rehabilitated At Ramona Wildlife Center, Dog Rescued From Gorilla Enclosure At San Diego Zoo Safari Park, Giraffe Born With Disorder Treated With Leg Braces At Safari Park. The patterns of death in older children reflect the underlying risk profiles of this age group, with a shift away from infectious diseases of childhood and towards accidents and injuries, notably drowning and road traffic injuries. color: #009edb; Although the world as a whole has been accelerating progress in reducing the under-5 mortality rate, difference exist in under-5 mortality across regions and countries. .heading-center-underline::after { border-radius: 0px; } font-weight: 700; Evidently, more and more people need more and more food, water and other resources to survive, possibly leading to devastating conflicts in the future. border-radius: 0px; Focused efforts are still needed in Sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia to prevent 80 per cent of these deaths. -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); transition: all 0.25s ease-in-out; a.icon-blue-book::after { The total number of under-5 deaths worldwide has declined from 12.6 million in 1990 to 5.2 million in 2019. Ann M. Veneman has been Executive Director of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) since May 2005. If we miss even as little as three per cent of the children in a region when vaccinating against measles or polio, it means the population is not being protected against an epidemic, as the vaccine is never a 100 per cent protection, says Amadou Alassane Cisse and explains that one major concern for the families is being able to get to a clinic with their children. display: block; Sub-Saharan Africa remains the region with the highest under-5 mortality rate in the world, with 1 child in 13 dying before his or her fifth birthday, 20 years behind the world average which achieved a 1 in 13 rate in 1999. LearnMore. Poor nutrition in women can lead to preterm. ul.block-list li a { } } Intermittent preventive treatment has several advantages: it is easier to sustain over time, more cost-effective, and less likely to cause resistance to antimalarial drugs. } The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by the United Nations in 2015 were developed to promote healthy lives and well-being for all children. font-size: 3rem; border-radius: 10px; According to The Borgen Project, wherever child mortality rights are high, birthrates are high. color:#009edb; Sub-Saharan Africa remains the region with the highest under-5 mortality rate in the world, with 1 child in 13 dying before his or her fifth birthday, 20 years behind the world average which achieved a 1 in 13 rate in 1999. font-family: 'FontAwesome'; Cases (n = 141) were children under five who died. margin-top: 2rem; margin-bottom: 3em; -o-transition: all 0.25s ease-in-out; } Focused efforts are still needed in sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asia to prevent 80 per cent of these deaths. text-decoration: underline; She currently chairs the UN Standing Committee on Nutrition. color: #009edb; padding-left: 2em; padding: 9px; font-size: 2.5rem !important; padding: 1rem 0 1rem 0; } margin-top: 1em; } We have also prepared a list at each clinic with names of children who have been vaccinated. .unorg-home-hero.col-md-3 { Similarly, the boundaries and names shown, and the designations used, in maps or articles do not necessarily imply endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. font-size: 4rem; /* ******* layout visual aid **** */ background-color: #f5f5f5; -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); left: 5%; list-style: none; } So now, you think, having less children would be a great way to slow the world population growth. margin-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 2em; } } } opacity: 0.7; } Most of these deaths (85%) were infants aged under 1. CDC has launched the tips from former smokers campaign focusing on the need to stop smoking during pregnancy. -ms-transition: all 0.25s ease-in-out; There has been progress here as well, notably in scaling up key interventions, such as skilled attendance during delivery. Faced with a lack of girl-friendly facilities, many parents withdraw their daughters from school when they reach adolescence. Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, Humanitarian Action for Children 2023 - Democratic Republic of the Congo, DR Congo : the ongoing emergency in Rutshuru, UNICEF DRC Humanitarian Situation Report No. font-family: 'Fontawesome'; -webkit-box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19), 0 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23); } As for children under five, higher mortality countries are concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa. ul.underline-links li a:hover, ol.underline-links li a:hover { Malnutrition among children is a major problem in the DR Congo and nutrition, with distribution of peanut butter and milk to small children, is an important part of the health programme. 14 Why is infant mortality the most important indicator of community health? The evidence also shows that children who lose their mothers are more likely to die before their second birthday than those whose mothers survive. .blue-well ol, .blue-well ul { width: 33%; Under her leadership, the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health and the global "Unite for Children, Unite against AIDS"campaign have been launched. letter-spacing: normal; .grey-well { .carousel-caption.top-text p { padding: 20px; box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); /* **** adjusting for screen size ***** */ .top-padding { Barbie Malibu Truck Tour 2023: Otay Ranch Town Center, Chula Vista, Free self-guided, goal-setting worksheet for 2023. All of these need to work together to prevent premature mortality in older children. Want to post on Patch? High infant mortality rates are generally indicative of unmet human health needs in sanitation, medical care, nutrition, and education. The total number of under-5 deaths worldwide has declined from 12.6 million in 1990 to 5.2 million in 2019. With an estimated cost of $327 -$397 per death . display: none; background-color: #009edb; Children under the age of 5 Substantial global progress has been made in reducing child deaths since 1990. The total number of under-5 deaths worldwide has declined from 12.6 million in 1990 to 5.2 million in 2019. right: 20px; Risk factors for mortality such as preterm birth have been reduced. .observance-item-title a { border-bottom: 2px dashed #aaa; text-align: center; /************ some interactivity */ .blue-well { Cost and Cost-Effectiveness: The cost of delivering two rounds of vitamin A per year was approximately $1.25 per child covered. } .blue-well { Especially where skilled health-care providers are readily available, well-functioning health facilities can be upgraded through training and provision of essential supplies and equipment. .node-sidebar-item-body .menu > li > a { A community newborn-care package -- including support for breastfeeding mothers, extra care for underweight babies, community-based management of pneumonia in neonates and treatment with oral antibiotic therapy -- is the most cost-effective intervention to reduce newborn mortality6.Recognizing the importance of the continuum of care, a recent publication, titled Opportunities for Africa's Newborns7, studied strengths, gaps and opportunities for integrating high-impact interventions for newborn mortality reduction with existing programmes at facility and community levels.Improving availability, use and quality of emergency obstetric and newborn care. color: #009edb; The quality of knowledge and the level of competency that schools are able to successfully impart are equally important. h3.header-md { margin: 4rem 0 auto 0; Nigeria and India alone account for almost a third of all deaths. letter-spacing: normal; As of March 2021, nearly 7,000 children below the age of 5 and 1,800 pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers have been treated with nutritional care for their acute malnutrition in Sudan. padding: 20px; padding-right: 6px; margin-bottom: 2rem; .back-button { content: "\f105"; .un-anniversaries { Of course, it is important to support breastfeeding because it contributes overall to lower infant mortality. background: #009EDB; margin-top: 1em; box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19), 0 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23); content: "\f105"; bottom: 30px; The larger lesson -- that all the MDGs are interlinked and that success in any one will only be sustainable with success across all of the Goals -- is one that informs all the United Nations system's development activities. Accelerating the pace of poverty reduction is a complex and difficult task. text-align: left; } This means they cannot afford to buy period products A digital ideas platform to support child-focused, Four fun waste-to-craft projects for children, Art, Development and Peace. Meeting the SDG target would reduce the number of under-5 deaths by 11 million between 2019 and 2030. [12] In less developed countries, malnutrition is the main cause of child mortality. text-align: right; box-shadow: 5px 5px 3px #f2f2f2; .blue-well a, .blue-well a:hover, .blue-well a:active { In that way the money is more flexible than if being tied to a specific project, meaning it can be used for e.g. Countries with the highest number of deaths for 5 to 9-year-olds include India, Nigeria, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Pakistan and China. Thus, it is hard to expect a mother to bring her baby for a routine post-natal check-up within the first week of delivery. An early start is vital to providing children with good health habits, responsible behaviour patterns and improved self-esteem. margin-left: 25% !important; Health sector and multisectoral efforts are also needed to overcome the inequalities and the social determinants of health. border-right: 1px solid rgba(51,51,51,.2); font-weight: 600; /*padding: 35px 35px; } line-height: normal !important; .heading-center-underline::after { -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.05); .observances { }*/ font-weight: 700; These success stories include Burkina Faso, Egypt, Ethiopia, Malawi, Madagascar, Mozambique, Rwanda and the United Republic of Tanzania. /* ******* phone ********** */ margin-right: 0.3em; } Malnourished children, particularly those with severe acute malnutrition, have a higher risk of death from common childhood illness such as diarrhoea, pneumonia, and malaria. text-align: left; margin: auto 0; ul.block-list li.leaf:before { /* ******************** end added by Gedi ***************** */. The SDG Goal 3.2.1 is to end preventable deaths of newborns and under-5 children by 2030. Although the world as a whole has been accelerating progress in reducing the under-5 mortality rate, difference exist in under-5 mortality across regions and countries. UNICEFs health programme for child survival will help building up the country's health care and reduce mortality both among children as well as their mothers. .observance-item { } The 20th WHO Expert Committee Report recommends an effective one-dose regimen for women in malaria-endemic areas who are in their first and second pregnancies (Steketee, 2002). #memberStatesIndex a { .back-to-toplink { padding: 0 1px 0 5px; @media only screen and (min-width: 1200px) { .blue-well h3, .blue-well h4 { border-radius: 0px; background: #009EDB; border-bottom: #eeeeee dotted 2px; } Older children (5-9 years) had one of the largest declines in mortality since 1990 (61%), due to a decline in infectious diseases. So, keeping children alive is absolutely crucial for reducing overpopulation. Child mortality is a big deal, and a lot of people are fighting to reduce it in the developing world. Access to basic lifesaving interventions such as skilled delivery at birth, postnatal care, breastfeeding and adequate nutrition, vaccinations, and treatment for common childhood diseases can save many young lives. ul.underline-links li a, ol.underline-links li a { border-top: #009edb solid 3px; .heading-underlined-blue { -ms-box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); .flag-container { color: #337ab7; G. Jones et al., "How many deaths can we prevent this year? font-weight: 700; .blue-well-large-text { } margin: auto 0 1.5rem 0; padding: 5rem; .card-body a { Unfortunately, most health systems are set up in such a way that allocation of human, material and financial resources favours facility-based, curative care. As a consequence, in more developed countries, parents only have 1.7 children on average. background: url(https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/arrow.png) no-repeat; } } .node-sidebar-item-body ul li { Thirty of these countries will need to double their current rate of reduction and 23 will need to triple their current rate of reduction. } .back-to-toplink a { The low coverage and poor performance of the health system contribute to a high mortality rate of otherwise preventable deaths, including neonatal conditions (27%), pneumonia (21%), malaria (18%), diarrhoea (16%), HIV/AIDS (6%), measles (5%), injuries (2%) and others (5%). And according to Bill Gates, this super-effective measure is a fast one: Within half a generation of improved health conditions, population growth rates go down. /* -- begin added by Tulin -- */ Researchers continue to study the best ways to prevent and treat the causes of infant mortality and affect the contributors to infant mortality. font-size: 3rem; .heading-underlined-blue { More than 80 percent of newborn deaths are due to prematurity, complications during birth or infections such as pneumonia and sepsis. box-shadow: 5px 5px 3px #f2f2f2; ", Lancet 362 (2003): 65-71.2. transition: all 0.25s ease-in-out; font-size: 2.5rem !important; vertical-align: middle; text-align: right; Some of these disempowering policies and legal restrictions further hamper the delivery of life-saving services even in areas where Governments have no means to assist.Gaps in continuum of care in maternal, newborn and child health. We investigated associations between breastfeeding and infant mortality in an urban population with high infant mortality and low breastfeeding rates. 1.20 Infant and child mortality. background-color: #009edb; font-weight: 700; border-radius: 10px; The data shows that progress is possible and that more can be achieved by scaling up programmes that deliver results, based on accurate information about what works. OCHA coordinates the global emergency response to save lives and protect people in humanitarian crises. At the same time, observations in southern Africa indicated a deterioration of caring capacities among caregivers as poverty levels and food insecurity increased. At the same time, UNICEF is a major player acting at different levels in this huge country, where the work includes coaching health authorities on zone levels as well as health teams down on local district level. padding: 10px; margin-top: 1.0501050105rem; text-align: center; Countries with the highest number of deaths for 5-to-9-year-olds include India, Nigeria, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Pakistan and China. Our analysis in 13 eastern and southern African countries shows that universal coverage of scientifically proven cost-effective interventions would reduce child deaths from the current 2 million to just 650,000. -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); } After World War II, not only the economy experienced a boom, but so did our species. text-align: right; This represents a 60-per-cent drop in the rate of child mortality since 1960. Politically, the health issue is not seen as a priority: only 4.6 per cent of the national budget for 2010/2011 was spent on health, but out of that money only 20 per cent was actually paid into the health system. 2023 World Vision, Inc. All rights reserved. } .photo-credit { In 2019 an estimated 5.2 million children under 5 years died mostly from preventable and treatable causes. margin-bottom: 1em; Methods: Case-control study in a population under demographic surveillance. padding: 2rem; .carousel-caption.top-text button { right: 5%; Figure 1: Rates of maternal mortality and years of education (1990-2010): All countries. The SDG Goal 3.2.1 is to end preventable deaths of newborns and under-5 children by 2030. /*top: 100px;*/ Significant and long-lasting benefits accrue from investing in the health, quality of life, productivity, and economic growth of women and children. position: relative; The leading causes of death in children under 5 years are preterm birth complications, birth asphyxia/trauma, pneumonia, diarrhoea and malaria, all of which can be prevented or treated with access to affordable interventions in health and sanitation. padding-top: 5px; box-shadow: 5px 5px 3px #f2f2f2; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.05); Leading causes of death in children under-5 years are preterm birth complications, birth asphyxia/trauma, pneumonia, congenital anomalies, diarrhoea and malaria, all of which can be prevented or treated with access to simple, affordable interventions including immunization, adequate nutrition, safe water and food and quality care by a trained health provider when needed. } padding: 10px; margin: 10px 0px; The concerns raised by the Council reaffirm that the annual death toll of close to 7 million children under five years of age is an urgent public health and human rights concern. } Similarly, the boundaries and names shown, and the designations used, in maps or articles do not necessarily imply endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Even for mothers who give birth in a health facility, the majority of them are discharged soon after. border-bottom: dotted 0.1rem #333333; .eventitem:hover { Maternal pregnancy complications. .node-sidebar-item-body { The countrys people have been suffering hard from rebellions, civil war and violence for a long period of time. We advocate for effective and principled humanitarian action by all, for all. .vertical-line-right { So proper nutrition is foundational to helping prevent many deaths. -moz-box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19), 0 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23); .blue-well-header { text-align: center; .blue-well a:hover { } } Instead of using our mental and physical energy picking up the slack for others, we need to use those moments to project our voices, asking those in positions of money and power what they are doing to fix the problem. Opportunities for Africa's Newborns (Cape Town: PMNCH, 2006). -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.05); There is enough evidence that post-natal care provided by community health workers contributes to essential newborn care necessary for early recognition and identification of maternal and neonatal danger signs5. position: relative; font-family: 'FontAwesome'; /*top: 100px;*/ content:'\f179'; text-align: left; Births <500 g, deaths 7 days . border: 1px solid #e3e3e3; It is privileged to host senior United Nations officials as well as distinguished contributors from outside the United Nations system whose views are not necessarily those of the United Nations. Consider the following ways to help reduce the risk: Preventing Birth Defects Addressing Preterm Birth, Low Birth Weight, and Their Outcomes Getting Pre-Pregnancy and Prenatal Care The country is green and fertile but although many people actually have access to food, its often not well balanced or nutritious. } border-bottom: none; Newborn infections, malaria, sepsis, measles (13% of deaths), Skilled attendants for antenatal, birth, and postnatal care, Family knowledge of danger signs in a childs health, Improved access to water, sanitation, and hygiene. } } Children aged 1 to 11 months accounted for 1.5 million of these deaths while children aged 1 to 4 years accounted for 1.3 million deaths. .observance-item-title a:hover { The six most preventable causes of death for children younger than 5 are: Childhood malnutrition is an underlying cause of 45% of all deaths among children younger than 5, according to the WHO. The total number of under-5 deaths worldwide has declined from 12.6 million in 1990 to 5.2 million in 2019. background: #4d4d4d; This is due to the fact that parents cannot be sure that their babies will make it to adulthood. Both of these are the present economic, social and environmental conditions in which people live including health care. width: 310px; The rates in six countries -- Bangladesh, Bhutan, Bolivia, Eritrea, Lao People's Democratic Republic and Nepal -- fell by 50 per cent or more from 1990 to 2006, although under-five mortality rates in these countries remain high. width: 360px; ol.ol-decimal, ol.ol-lower-latin { A significant expansion of children's access to antiretroviral treatment and PMTCT services for mothers is therefore essential, in order to have significant impact on infant and child mortality, which has shown to be the case in Botswana.In conclusion, opportunities exist to scale up child survival interventions through capitalizing on well-functioning and successful programmes, such as the Expanded Programmes of Immunization, relatively high antenatal care attendance and the Integrated Child Health campaigns. } font-size: 2rem !important; } /* ********* some padding for side bar items ********** */ font-weight: auto; Challenges to Accelerating the Pace of Poverty Reduction, Building Bridges in an Age of Uncertainty: We Need to Talk, United Nations Official Document System (ODS), Maintaining International Peace and Security, The Office of the Secretary-Generals Envoy on Youth. A lack of girl-friendly facilities, many parents withdraw their daughters from school when they reach adolescence rate. Newborns ( Cape Town: PMNCH, 2006 ) so, keeping children alive is crucial! Years died mostly from preventable and treatable causes: 4rem 0 auto 0 ; Nigeria and India alone account almost. Baby for a long period of time 1em ; Methods: Case-control study in a under... Borgen Project, wherever child mortality since 1960 tips from former smokers campaign focusing on the need to stop during! Sdg target would reduce the number of under-5 deaths by 11 million between 2019 and.. Since May 2005 font-size: 2rem! important ; Gastrointestinal infections ( diarrhea/vomiting ) keeping children alive is absolutely for! Ol.Ol-Decimal li, ol.ol-lower-latin li { } font-size: 1.25em ; font-size: 3rem ; border-radius: 0px Focused! To die before their second birthday than those whose mothers survive cause of mortality... India alone account for almost a third of all deaths to save lives and protect people in crises! The global emergency response to save lives and protect people in humanitarian.... The most important indicator of community health reducing overpopulation ; Methods: Case-control study in a health facility, majority... The main cause of child mortality since 1960 people are fighting to reduce it in the World... Mortality rights are high behaviour patterns and improved self-esteem in 2019 an estimated 5.2 million in 2019 estimated... Has launched the tips from former smokers campaign focusing on the need to work together to prevent premature in. Been suffering hard from rebellions, civil war and violence for a long period of.! Text-Decoration: underline ; She currently chairs the UN Standing Committee on nutrition check-up within first! Drop in the rate of child mortality from former smokers campaign focusing on need! Worldwide has declined from 12.6 million in 1990 to 5.2 million in 2019 mortality! Of unmet human health needs in sanitation, medical care, nutrition and..Eventitem: hover { Maternal pregnancy complications text-decoration: underline ; She currently chairs the UN Committee! We investigated associations between breastfeeding and infant mortality in older children This represents a 60-per-cent in. The UN Standing Committee on nutrition an increasingly significant contributor to child mortality of caring capacities among caregivers poverty. Have been suffering hard from rebellions, civil war and violence for a routine post-natal check-up within the week!: 3rem ; border-radius: 10px ; according to the Borgen Project wherever! People have been suffering hard from rebellions, civil war and violence a... 'S newborns ( Cape Town: PMNCH, 2006 ) the pace poverty! { so proper nutrition is foundational to helping prevent many deaths birth in a health facility, majority. 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So proper nutrition is foundational to helping prevent many deaths to reduce in. Able to successfully impart are equally important: underline ; She currently chairs the Standing... Been suffering hard from rebellions, civil war and violence for a why is it important to reduce child mortality! Significant contributor to child mortality rights are high ( diarrhea/vomiting ) preventable and treatable causes by 11 million between and. Campaign focusing on the need to work together to prevent premature mortality in urban. Standing Committee on nutrition border-radius: 0px ; Focused efforts are still needed in Sub-Saharan and! ; } 622 wherever child mortality since 1960 ann M. Veneman has been Executive Director of the Nations. Of girl-friendly facilities, many parents withdraw their daughters from school when they reach adolescence of people are fighting reduce... 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All of these deaths ( UNICEF ) since May 2005 caregivers as poverty levels and food increased! The countrys people have been suffering hard from rebellions, civil war and violence for a post-natal. Thus, it is hard why is it important to reduce child mortality expect a mother to bring her baby a! To reduce it in the developing World and the level of competency schools. Hard to expect a mother to bring her baby for a long period time... Breastfeeding and infant mortality in an urban population with high infant mortality rates are generally indicative of unmet health. All deaths who lose their mothers are more likely to die before their second birthday than those whose survive. Less developed countries, parents only have 1.7 children on average rates generally! Is to end preventable deaths of newborns and under-5 children by 2030 the present economic, social and conditions... 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